Understanding Uterine Fibroids: What Every Woman Should Know
Uterine fibroids may be a common condition, but that doesn’t make them any less frustrating for the women who experience them. If you’ve recently been diagnosed or are just starting to explore what’s going on with your body, you’re not alone. Up to 80% of women will develop fibroids by the time they reach age 50—and yet, so many of us are still left in the dark about what they are, why they happen, and what we can do about them.
Let’s break it down in a simple and supportive way.
What Are Uterine Fibroids?
Fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. They’re made of muscle and fibrous tissue and can vary greatly in size—from as small as a seed to as large as a melon. While some women have fibroids and never even know it, others may experience intense symptoms that disrupt daily life.
Types of Fibroids
Where fibroids grow plays a big role in how they affect you. Here are the four main types:
- Intramural fibroids grow within the muscular wall of the uterus. These are the most common type and may cause heavy periods or a feeling of fullness.
- Subserosal fibroids develop on the outer wall of the uterus and can press on other organs, leading to bladder issues or back pain.
- Submucosal fibroids form just under the uterine lining and are most likely to cause heavy bleeding and fertility challenges.
- Pedunculated fibroids hang by a stalk either inside or outside the uterus and can cause sharp pain if they twist.
What Causes Fibroids?
The exact cause is still a mystery, but fibroids seem to be influenced by:
- Hormones – Estrogen and progesterone play a key role in fibroid growth.
- Genetics – If your mother or sister had fibroids, you’re more likely to develop them too.
- Lifestyle – Diet, stress, and body weight may also contribute.
Common Symptoms
Fibroids don’t always cause symptoms, but when they do, you might notice:
- Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
- Pelvic pressure or pain
- Frequent urination
- Constipation
- Pain during intercourse
- Difficulty getting pregnant
If you’re experiencing any of these, it’s worth talking to a healthcare provider.
How Are Fibroids Diagnosed?
Most fibroids are discovered during a routine pelvic exam or through imaging tests like an ultrasound or MRI. Your provider may also order blood work to rule out other causes of symptoms like anemia.
What Are the Treatment Options?
Treatment depends on your symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids uterus, and your personal goals (like whether you want to have children). Options range from watchful waiting to medications, non-surgical procedures, and surgery.
Some common treatments include:
- Medications to control symptoms or temporarily shrink fibroids
- Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) – a minimally invasive procedure that blocks blood flow to the fibroid
- Myomectomy – surgical removal of fibroids
- Hysterectomy – removal of the uterus (used in severe cases)
Seek Medical Help
Too often, women are told their symptoms are “just part of being a woman.” But painful periods, extreme fatigue, or feeling bloated for days on end is not normal—and you deserve answers. Understanding your options and speaking up for your health is the first step toward feeling like yourself again.
If you’re dealing with fibroids, or think you might be, reach out to a specialist who listens and supports your journey. Relief is possible.
